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Nocturnal Non-Invasive Ventilation: Clinical Theory and Current Evidence

"Nocturnal non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is a therapeutic modality that delivers positive pressure respiratory support via a mask interface during sleep, bypassing the need for an endotracheal airway. It is primarily indicated for patients with chronic respiratory failure due to chest wall disorders, neuromuscular disease, or obesity hypoventilation syndrome, functioning by offloading the respiratory muscles and improving nocturnal gas exchange. The Physiological Basis of Nocturnal Non-Invasive Ventilation The theoretical foundation of nocturnal non-invasive ventilation rests on the principle of respiratory muscle unloading. In healthy indivi..."

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