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The Spirit of System: Lamarck and the Foundations of Evolutionary Biology

"The spirit of system in the work of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck represents an ambitious attempt to unify all biological phenomena under comprehensive, underlying natural laws. Rather than viewing life as a collection of static, separately created species, Lamarck sought a grand metaphysical and physiological framework—a système—to explain how living forms originate, transform, and adapt continuously over vast stretches of geological time through intrinsic physical processes. Introduction to Lamarckian Evolutionary Thought When Jean-Baptiste Lamarck published his groundbreaking Philosophie Zoologique in 1809, he did not merely propose that species c..."

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