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The Richmond Slave Trade: The Economic Backbone of the Old Dominion

"Richmond, Virginia, served as the primary engine of the domestic slave trade in the Upper South, facilitating the forced migration of approximately 300,000 enslaved people between 1830 and 1860. By the mid-19th century, the commerce of human beings surpassed tobacco as Virginia’s most profitable export, fundamentally sustaining the state’s economy and political influence. The Shift from Agriculture to Human Commerce In the early years of the Republic, Virginia's economic identity was inextricably linked to tobacco. However, by the early 1800s, centuries of intensive farming had exhausted the soil of the Tidewater and Piedmont regions. As toba..."

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