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Lincoln's Code: The Laws of War in American History

"Issued as General Orders No. 100 during the Civil War, the Lieber Code—commonly known as Lincoln’s Code—fundamentally transformed how the United States military approached armed conflict by establishing the first comprehensive written regulations for troops in the field. The historical impact of "Lincoln's Code: The Laws of War in American History" centers on its codification by President Abraham Lincoln and German-American legal scholar Francis Lieber in April 1863. This landmark document bridged the gap between customary military practice and written international law, setting foundational precedents that shaped the Hague and Geneva Convent..."

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