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Kicking Away the Ladder: Understanding the Paradox of Global Development and Industrial Policy
"Kicking away the ladder describes the historical and economic phenomenon where developed nations, having attained prosperity through protectionist policies and industrial subsidies, now advocate for free-market "global standards" that prevent developing nations from using those same strategies to achieve growth. It suggests a systemic hypocrisy in international trade and development. This concept, popularized by economist Ha-Joon Chang in the early 21st century, remains a cornerstone of heterodox economic thought. As of 2026, the discussion has evolved from a historical critique into a modern policy debate, especially as developed nations ret..."
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